Check Back Soon Part III: Geopolitical Oil Fundamentals

By: Chris Amstutz

We have saved the broadest, yet most impactful, oil market discussion for part III of this blog series. The latest round of geopolitical news has made the oil market crystal ball less murky. The interactions between the countries of OPEC, Russia, China and the United States are tense, and oil prices are at the mercy of the discussions. The continued uncertainty and recent hypothetical outlooks add a strongly bullish argument for the price of oil, currently at $74/barrel (bbl) for WTI. Analysts are currently debating several fundamentals including; the physical capabilities of global spare production capacity, the politics of OPEC, implications of Iranian news and lastly, how negotiations from President Trump factor in.  While oil market volatility never ceases, this blog will provide the current geopolitical condition and the impact on oil prices.

The Situation

We last discussed the how global influences can affect natural gas and oil in our blog “Trade Wars: Energy in the Marionette Theatre”. The global market for oil is no less complicated and the chronological story centers on a few main factors.

Loss of Production

With the implementation of sanctions on Iran and Venezuela, it is estimated that global oil production has already fallen by 1.5 million bbls/day and could fall by another 1 to 3 million bbls/day by the end of 2018. This figure is dependent upon the rate of collapse in Venezuela, as well as the strength of participation globally in the Iranian oil embargo. Add to this the fact that OPEC was collectively trying to cut production in the first half of 2018. OPEC has since ceased production cuts, with Saudi Arabia producing 500,000 bbls/day more in June than in May.

Spare Production Uncertainty

Over the past two weeks we have seen President Trump tweeting about the oil markets and discussing the potential for production increases. It is estimated that Saudi Arabia is the only country with significant spare capacity, with the potential for an additional 2 million bbls/day. Russia is rumored to have an additional 500,000 bbls/day in spare capacity and all the other countries producing oil could potentially add another 500,000 bbls/day. The caveat is that all of this spare capacity is speculative, due to the physical uncertainties of pumping oil from the ground.

Immeasurable Geopolitical Impacts

Price shocks rarely come from anticipated events, but there have been clues recently.  President Trump is not the first US president to criticize OPEC, but he does seem to have leverage. Saudi Arabia is torn between their OPEC alliance and their new found alliance with the U.S. President and his ability to maintain the Iranian embargo. Saudi Arabia risks hurting OPEC cooperation in the long run by alienating Iran, for the sake of their financial benefit by appeasing the wishes of President Trump. Iran recognizes this situation and recently threatened a blockade of the Strait of Hormuz. This essential waterway would cut off 35% of the world’s oil (including Iran’s) and is a seen as a nuclear option for Iran (likely bringing armed confrontation) if all else fails.

Price Implications

When discussing geopolitical influences on the price of oil, historically you haven’t needed a crystal ball to know that the risk has always been to the upside.  While this is currently a safe bet, it is also grounded in the facts and figures of the current market situation. If we continue to see increasing oil demand from the US and China, mixed with un-replaced, lost production from Venezuela and Iran, then we will certainly see prices increase. Any news about lower spare production capacity from OPEC will also bring prices higher. The final and most volatile factor in the equation is that any news or potential for armed conflict in the Middle East will bring oil prices higher. All of this risk is likely the reason why the futures market confidence intervals favors upside movement.

Confidential: Choice Energy Services Retail, LP.

Trade Wars: Energy in the Marionette Theatre

By: Chris Amstutz

Puppet Master: (Noun) “A person, group, or country that covertly controls another”

The weird thing about having such an unreserved President in office has been the rather predictable, unpredictability. One day we hear about alleged affairs with porn stars, but we know it will quickly be forgotten the next day when North Korea pledges to denuclearize. News cycles today run 24/7 and “politics aside” (like honestly; not the cliché use of the term that your uncle uses before he’s about to go on a highly opinionated Facebook rant), everyone can admit that President Trump has been “pulling the strings” of conversations on a domestic and global level. One of the most heavily covered topics of 2018 so far has been President Trump’s aims at shaking up the global landscape for trade. In the State of the Union address, President Trump stated that, “We have ended the war on American energy”, but certain policies and actions could cripple American energy growth domestically and globally.  We recently covered this topic more in depth in our last Bulls and Bears Report, and today we will continue to critique Trump’s predictably, unpredictable puppet show and how it could affect domestic energy consumers.

In early March, the Trump Administration placed a tariff on imported steel and aluminum from certain countries. Placing tariffs on the individual puppet items from foreign countries may seem like a patriotic thing to do (reference a truly America-first politician here), but in reality the physical ramifications could end up hurting American energy consumers. Domestically, the 25% tariff placed on steel has huge implications for nearly every stage of the energy industry’s processes. Producers will have to factor in higher costs for well construction, which begin the process of capturing the vast reserves of oil and gas that the US has. The specialty-order steel pipelines, that are currently only made in China, could cause serious delays or even cancellations of the pipelines the US is lacking. Also, we would almost certainly see a 5-10% increase in construction costs for heavily steel dependent LNG exportation facilities.  These are but a few of the foreseeable domestic impacts that would come from a steel tariff, and Trump’s tariff would likely not end there.

 Globally, the implications are harder to measure, but trade talks and deals serve as the stage in which Trump plays his show.  You can boil global trade implications down to the fact that if American energy producers are “winning”, Americans are “winning”. The US is currently the top producing gas and oil country, and production growth estimates have risen by nearly 10% over the last year. This has given the US the potential to compete against OPEC and Russia for more market share on the global stage. The enormous potential for the US to supply gas and oil to countries like China and Mexico makes the current trade war talks especially troubling. Tensions have eased recently with China and we may soon see a NAFTA 2.0, but as we have discussed, the situation is still predictably unpredictable. Any deals that hinder American energy investment and growth in these markets would disincentivize domestic production.

So how could energy prices react to all of these happenings and potential situations? This answer is as complex as global trade itself. Domestically, the tariff increasing steel costs would mean that we could see higher costs to move gas, oil and electricity, and potentially higher prices. At the same time, higher LNG facility construction costs would discourage new export facilities, which would keep more gas stateside, in turn depressing natural gas and power prices in the short run. While this is just a small simplified picture of the complex domestic market movements, the implications would obviously be much clearer and more devastating if China or other countries placed a tariff on American energy.  While the outcome of a trade war situation is not completely known, the analysts at Choice Energy Services will continue to monitor the situation to better help our clients hedge against potentially volatile price impacts. Cheers to 2.5 more years of predictable unpredictability.

 

 

Confidential: Choice Energy Services Retail, LP.